Yêu cầu chung
Question 1 - 5.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numberd banks from 1 to 5
Do you have the right mindset?
Think back to a time when you were in a classroom, perhaps confronted with a challenging maths problem. This could have happened recently or many years ago. How did you respond? Some students feel immediately overwhelmed and give up, (1) ____. Others embrace the challenge, making an effort to tackle it and hoping to gain knowledge even if they do not succeed.
Early in her career, psychologist Carol Dweck at Stanford University (2) ____, presenting problems slightly beyond their current abilities. One group responded positively, enjoying the challenge and demonstrating confidence in their capacity to develop. Dweck termed this a "growth mindset," focused on learning and future progress. Another group felt their intelligence was being judged, interpreting failure as a lack of ability. These children exhibited a "fixed mindset," struggling to envision improvement. Some even considered cheating or comparing themselves with weaker peers to protect their self-esteem. This observation highlights a broader issue in how students are guided and assessed in educational settings.
Dweck emphasizes that traditional praise for talent or intelligence can instill a fear of failure. (3) ____. She argues that recognition should instead highlight effort, strategies, persistence, and incremental improvement. Such an approach encourages mastery-oriented thinking and motivates learners to continually enhance their skills.
Research confirms these insights. Students who were taught that grappling with difficult material strengthens neural connections advanced faster than their peers. In one study, underperforming children on a Native American reservation practiced growth mindset techniques for a year, (4) ____. Such evidence clearly demonstrates the practical benefits of adopting a growth mindset.
Returning to the initial question: Do you tend to embrace challenges and make a genuine effort to learn? If so, you already demonstrate a growth mindset. If not, it is never too late. With deliberate effort and effective strategies, (5) ____.
seeing that the question was intentionally designed to confuse
providing the explanation has not yet been made clear
assuming the task is beyond their capacity
supposing the solution requires knowledge they lacked
Giải thích chi tiết
✅ Đáp án: C. assuming the task is beyond their capacity
🔎 Lí do:
Xét cấu trúc câu: “Some students feel immediately overwhelmed and give up, (1) ____.”
Trước dấu phẩy là mệnh đề chính S + V: Some students + feel… and give up
Sau dấu phẩy cần một cụm phân từ/ cụm V-ing để bổ sung lí do/hành động đi kèm khi “give up” (dạng rút gọn mệnh đề): SV, V-ing.
Xét nghĩa ngữ cảnh: đối lập với câu sau “Others embrace the challenge…” (Những người khác lại đón nhận thử thách...)
Nhóm thứ nhất “overwhelmed and give up” → hợp lí nhất là họ nghĩ rằng bài đó vượt quá khả năng nên bỏ cuộc.
Vì vậy chỗ trống cần một cụm diễn tả suy nghĩ tiêu cực về năng lực bản thân dẫn đến bỏ cuộc → assuming the task is beyond their capacity (= cho rằng task đó vượt quá khả năng của họ)
🚨 Những đáp án còn lại thì sao? ❌ A. seeing that the question was intentionally designed to confuse: sai ngữ cảnh vì đổ lỗi cho đề “cố tình đánh đố”, không khớp ý “mindset” (tư duy cố định vs phát triển) trong đoạn. ❌ B. providing the explanation has not yet been made clear: sai cấu trúc và nghĩa; “providing…” không ăn nhập với “students… give up”, và cụm này không diễn tả suy nghĩ của học sinh khi làm bài. ❌ D. supposing the solution requires knowledge they lacked: nghĩa gần đúng nhưng kém tự nhiên/không khái quát bằng “beyond their capacity”; đoạn nhấn mạnh năng lực bản thân (capacity/ability) hơn là thiếu “kiến thức cụ thể”.