Đề DOL soạn tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh năm 2025 - Mã đề 07

🚊 Urban Transport Innovation

Cities around the world are racing to develop more [1] ______ transport systems in response to worsening traffic, air pollution, and energy waste. In early 2021, a new smart bus network [2] ______ in the southern district of the capital, aiming to cut waiting times and improve commuter satisfaction across underserved neighborhoods.

The system was introduced in areas [3] ______ traditional metro lines were either unavailable or underdeveloped. With flexible routing, demand-based scheduling, and real-time tracking, it has already attracted [4] ______ of the city’s young professionals who previously relied on motorbikes.

Other cities are closely watching how this pilot will perform before they [5] ______ similar services in their own districts. Beyond saving time, it’s expected to [6] ______ during peak hours and promote more sustainable, long-term commuting habits.

Community-based ecotourism, an approach that empowers local communities through sustainable travel, has proliferated across Vietnam’s rural provinces, including the Mekong Delta and Sapa. In contrast to conventional mass tourism, which is often associated with environmental degradation, this model integrates locally driven initiatives, environmentally responsible practices, immersive cultural encounters, and state-sponsored incentives such as tax exemptions for homestay providers. By encouraging participation in village activities, these programs aim to safeguard traditional lifestyles while minimizing ecological disruption. Their rapid adoption, largely fueled by increased environmental awareness, challenges mass-market tourism and aligns with Vietnam’s national sustainability objectives for 2030.

Operationally, community-based ecotourism employs several mechanisms designed to mitigate the adverse effects of tourism. Homestay networks, where travelers reside with host families, facilitate cultural exchange, while heritage workshops introduce visitors to traditional crafts and skills. These participatory experiences yield tangible socioeconomic outcomes: local income levels improve as communities retain a greater share of tourism revenue, and ecological safeguards—such as waste segregation and water conservation—enhance environmental resilience. Unlike the overcrowding associated with conventional tourism, this model promotes long-term, inclusive development. Should the demand for authentic experiences persist, Vietnam’s rural regions may realize sustained gains in both economic viability and environmental stewardship.

Nonetheless, a range of structural and behavioral obstacles threatens the long-term viability of ecotourism initiatives. Many communities lack the technical training necessary for managing tourism enterprises. These groups often attract clusters of tourists, who place considerable strain on basic infrastructure, particularly in remote areas where transportation and sanitation remain limited. They struggle with restricted access, which continues to hamper growth in the absence of targeted investment. Furthermore, inconsistent tourist behavior—including littering and cultural disrespect—undermines community morale, while insufficient funding limits scalability. Unless addressed through coordinated support, these challenges could impede the broader transformation of rural tourism in Vietnam.

Despite these challenges, community-based ecotourism is reshaping Vietnam’s rural tourism landscape. Government policies have begun addressing core limitations such as funding and infrastructure deficits. As a result, the majority of participating communities are already deriving measurable benefits, particularly in the form of tourism-driven income. With continued investment and policy refinement, this model could represent a significant share of Vietnam’s tourism economy by 2035. The movement illustrates the country’s broader commitment to harmonizing economic growth with ecological preservation and cultural continuity.

In a global economy dominated by uniformity, scale, and mechanised speed, Vietnam’s traditional craft villages are charting a distinct trajectory — one rooted not in nostalgia but in renewal. Communities like Bat Trang and Van Phuc are no longer relegated to tourist brochures or cultural ceremonies; rather, they are reimagining artisanal labour as a platform for sustainable development. [I] These villages do more than preserve ancestral knowledge — they convert it into soft power: a marketable resource that generates employment, drives exports, and commands international recognition. Yet this revival, often state-led, remains uneven. While training programmes aim to preserve endangered techniques, they frequently overlook the market realities artisans face, leading to a mismatch between certification and livelihood.

Technology has functioned as a quiet revolution in this space — not by replacing tradition, but by amplifying it. E-commerce platforms allow rural cooperatives to bypass intermediaries and engage directly with global buyers. Social media, once viewed as trivial, now enables artisans to document their processes, shape compelling narratives, and reclaim authorship over cultural goods previously anonymised in industrial chains. [II] Even seemingly minor tools — translation plugins, inventory software — are proving essential, helping small operations manage logistics while preserving autonomy. The outcome is not simply wider access, but decentralised agency: a capacity to scale without surrendering local identity. Still, this shift introduces new fragilities. Digital visibility is governed by algorithms and linguistic fluency, and these demands can marginalise those lacking in technical literacy or promotional resources.

Despite these gains, critical gaps persist. Market exposure remains volatile, shaped by algorithms, trends, and visibility demands beyond artisans’ control. [III] Without long-term support — including financing, mentorship, and adaptive education — many artisan-led ventures, local cooperatives, and even newer digital collectives begin to lose momentum. They often struggle to navigate commercial systems that were never designed for small-scale or heritage-based production. At the policy level, interventions tend to prioritise cultural preservation over innovation, reinforcing outdated perceptions of artisanal labour. This tension — between continuity and competitiveness — has become a defining factor in whether traditional craft communities merely survive or manage to evolve.

Yet, in select villages, this balance has begun to materialise. Where local ingenuity meets digital literacy and policy support, craft hubs are becoming centres of cultural commerce and experiential tourism. [IV] If nurtured with care, this evolution could transform Vietnam’s craft sector from a restoration project into a forward-facing economic model — one that ties prosperity not to disposability, but to memory, identity, and place.

Understanding Teenage Risk-Taking

Teenagers often exhibit a strong inclination toward risk, especially in unfamiliar or emotionally charged situations. [30] ______. This behavior is partly rooted in brain development, [31] ______. It is also influenced by the belief that risk is exciting and harmless — an internalised notion that novelty and challenge are inherently desirable, even if potentially dangerous.

Because they seek immediate rewards, teens may ignore long-term risks. For instance, the appeal of social media challenges or speeding on a motorbike may outweigh logical safety concerns. One major factor is being influenced by social approval and peer status, [32] ______.

[33] ______. Their reactions to uncertainty are often emotionally driven and less reflective than those of adults, especially in contexts involving peer attention or feedback. [34] ______ which makes them more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors, especially when emotional rewards outweigh perceived risks.

AI and Personal Development

Artificial Intelligence is no longer just a buzzword — it’s a tool that is actively transforming how we learn, work, and grow as individuals. Platforms powered by AI now assist students in identifying skill gaps, planning future goals, and tracking personal progress over time. These tools help users [35] ______ emerging trends, adapt to changing demands, and avoid inefficient study habits that slow development.

With the growing flood of online resources, self-learners are increasingly expected to manage their learning goals independently. That means knowing how to allocate time and attention wisely, and learning to [36] ______ — not only how people consume knowledge but also how they apply it in real-life situations.

[37] ______ some worry that reliance on technology might reduce creativity or independent thinking, many experts argue that such tools should serve as support — not a substitute. When used wisely, AI enables learners to [38] ______ by suggesting strategies based on behavior patterns and goals.

To make the most of these tools, individuals must maintain regular [39] ______ and adjust their habits accordingly. Developing self-awareness amid [40] ______ remains a vital skill that even the most advanced algorithms cannot replicate.